The greenhouse farm of CJSC “Raduga” in the Maykop region grows vegetables almost all year round, collecting three crops of cucumbers. In addition, lettuces are grown for two or three months a year. About how the company manages to organize successful work in the conditions of sanctions – in the material “SA”.
Environmentally friendly products
– The production of mono-products is due to its profitability. In difficult economic conditions, cucumbers give faster returns, allowing you to optimize financial and economic activities. Last year we produced 1800 tons of cucumbers. In the current, according to the forecast, we expect to collect no less, – says the general director of the enterprise Khizir Dzharimok.
According to him, the greenhouse industry has no problems with the sale of products – they are in demand among buyers. And, despite the fact that there are many greenhouses in the neighboring Krasnodar Territory, 80% of Raduga’s cucumbers are supplied to the Kuban. The rest is sold in Moscow, the Rostov region and, of course, in Adygea.
— The popularity of our products is associated with high taste qualities. In addition, cucumbers are grown without the use of chemicals. Biological protection of plants is carried out with the help of specially grown insects, – said the head of the enterprise.
Domestic greenhouse enterprises half depend on the exchange rate of the euro and the dollar, since we use imported seeds and microfertilizers. We continue to cooperate with one of the foreign firms. There are also good seed producers in Russia
In total, the farm has 6 hectares of greenhouses. Biological method of plant protection is used everywhere. In the most modern greenhouse with an area of 1.2 hectares, a mineral wool substrate in the form of mats is used for the active growth of cucumbers. There are 4 plants on them, each of which is supplied with a dropper.
— A weather station has been installed in this greenhouse, where 25,000 plants are grown. It controls wind speed, temperature, humidity. Based on these parameters, the opening of the vents is automatically regulated: in winter they are covered, in summer they are completely open. If there is a lot of sun outside, then the screening system works, which protects the tops of the plants from drying out. This is how the optimal microclimate is maintained,” explained Timur Dzharimok, Executive Director of the enterprise.
Entomophagous insects are used to protect plants from pests. In addition, each species is used for a specific pest. And to combat diseases, biological-based drugs are used, the active substance of which is a plant element.
The greenhouses also have a mortar unit, and microfertilizers are used for irrigation.
“Our specialists analyze the water and, focusing on the initial data, calculate and add the necessary vitamins and microelements to it. This solution is then used for irrigation as food. In addition, foliar and root dressing of vegetables is carried out,” said Timur Dzharimok.
Greenhouses are heated in winter with thermal springs. They contain a heat exchanger, through which ordinary water is heated with the help of thermal water. The greenhouse farm also has its own seedling section, in which additional illumination lamps function. And the optimal climate there is maintained with the help of a fan.
In spite of difficulties
The main problem faced by greenhouse enterprises, including CJSC Raduga, is the instability of the exchange rate.
– Domestic greenhouse enterprises half depend on the exchange rate of the euro and the dollar, since we use imported seeds and microfertilizers. We use about 18 types of fertilizers alone in a chelated instant form. And after the jump in the exchange rate, they also rose in price. But after the decline, unfortunately, they did not fall in price. Nevertheless, we continue to cooperate with one of the foreign firms, with which we have long established strong ties. There is also a good domestic company Gavrosh in Russia, which has high-quality seeds of tomatoes and cucumbers, Khizir Dzharimok noted.
Last year the enterprise produced 1800 tons of cucumbers. In the current, according to the forecast, he expects to collect at least
Another problem is staffing. According to the head, despite a decent salary, it is quite difficult for the greenhouse industry to find hardworking young people at the present time. And the main backbone of the enterprise is made up of veterans who have worked in the industry for 20-30 years.
– Each worker is assigned a plot of 10 acres. And the yield of cucumbers depends on how he cares for him. And the higher it is, the more correspondingly his salary. Well, the payment at the enterprise is piecework-bonus, and you can also get a bonus for good work, – said Khizir Dzharimok.
We are not afraid of competition
As for competition, according to the head, the greenhouse industry is not afraid of it. The company’s products are well known in the market. In addition, it successfully competes with Turkish vegetable producers. Previously, one of the advantages of the latter was that they grew their products all year round, while domestic greenhouses had a break. However, today “Raduga” has practically switched to year-round production of vegetables in greenhouses.
Khizir Jarimok tries to introduce everything new that appears in the greenhouse business into his production. To do this, he and his specialists visit various exhibitions where new technologies and equipment are demonstrated. Previously, these were exhibitions abroad, and now within the country.
In addition to vegetables, gardens, immune-protected late varieties of apple trees “Idared”, “Liberty” and “Florina” are grown on 25 hectares.
At the same time, the enterprise manages to obtain a high yield of apples thanks to the use of domestic technology for cultivating orchards without drip irrigation. It does not provide for the use of poles and trellises, which reduces the cost of its use. In addition, unlike foreign ones, according to domestic technology, it is necessary to produce 3-4 times less chemical treatments, which makes the products ripen environmentally friendly.
– For apples, as well as for cucumbers, there is a rather high demand. At the same time, we do not need to export it ourselves: our fruit products are exported directly from the storage facility by entrepreneurs from Krasnodar, Rostov-on-Don, as well as local buyers,” Khizir Dzharimok noted.
He believes that the products of local producers should be available to buyers of Adygea, and takes concrete steps in this direction. Vegetables and fruits of CJSC “Raduga” have been presented in the region for a long time – in the area of the market “Cheryomushki”, in the central market, as well as at weekend fairs.
